India successfully test-fired a new version of the BrahMos supersonic cruise missile off the Odisha coast in early 2022. This advanced version features improved systems and enhanced performance, further bolstering India's defense capabilities. The BrahMos is a joint venture between India and Russia and is one of the world's fastest supersonic cruise missiles.

The Standard Model of Particle Physics describes the fundamental building blocks of the universe. It categorizes all matter particles into:

• Six quarks: Up, Down, Charm, Strange, Top, Bottom.
• Six leptons: Electron, Electron Neutrino, Muon, Muon Neutrino, Tau, Tau Neutrino.

These particles, along with force-carrying bosons, form the foundation of our understanding of the universe.

Surface-to-volume ratio for a nanoparticle is 3/r

The formula to calculate the amount of solute required for a molar solution is:

Mass of solute (g) = Molarity (M) × Molar mass (g/mol) × Volume of solution (L)

• Molarity (M) = 0.1 M
• Molar mass = 40 g/mol
• Volume = 1 L

Mass of NaOH = 0.1 × 40 × 1 = 4 g

Thus, 4 g of NaOH is required to prepare 1 liter of a 0.1 M NaOH solution.

AUKUS is a trilateral security partnership between Australia, the United Kingdom, and the United States, established in 2021. The alliance aims to enhance defense and security cooperation, including sharing advanced technologies and assisting Australia in acquiring nuclear-powered submarines.